In view of coal mine flooding accident harms, how to quickly find out the water distribution in coal mining area and its water prior is the key issue to prevent and avoid accidents of coal mine water disaster from occurring. After analysis of the various known for mine water disasters hazard detection methods that are susceptible to interference, uniqueness, etc, the natural electric field detection technology is put forward to identify the groundwater and underground fissure information. The basic principle of the natural electric field detection system is expounded. The practical application in hidden water disaster in Wumuchong Coal Mine shows that natural electric field detection technology has the validity and reliability to prevent and control coal mine water hazards.