Mine safety is a dynamic system engineering. Along with the production, many changes will be brought forth, even lead to being unreasonable or having accidents. Based on Murphy’s Law, this paper analyzes the coal mine safety in the production process, and makes use of Murphy’s Law to reveal the psychological modes of potential safety hazards and unsafe factors which can be easily produced in the production process of coal mining enterprises. Results show that prevention and screening can be an important part to exclude insecurity and ensure the safety of production. Therefore, the coal mining enterprises should emphasize on playing the role of safety warning and building a comprehensive safety and long-term mechanism of production in the production process, profoundly carry out the thought of “safety first, and prevention first”, and continuously improve the safety management of coal mine enterprises.